Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often without warning. Regular exams are the best way to detect it early, when treatment can do the most to protect your vision.
Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, the bundle of fibers that carries visual information from your eye to your brain. The damage is often linked to high pressure inside the eye, called intraocular pressure (IOP). Over time, that pressure can erode the nerve and cause permanent vision loss.
Glaucoma is most common in older adults. Many people notice no change until significant vision has been lost, which is why routine exams matter so much.
Most types of glaucoma develop slowly and painlessly. Common warning signs include:
Sudden eye pain, nausea or vomiting with eye pain, a sudden drop in vision, or redness with halos around lights can signal angle-closure glaucoma, which is an emergency.
Glaucoma is a family of conditions, and each type has different causes and treatment approaches.
The most common form, making up about 90% of cases. It develops slowly as drainage channels gradually clog, and it's often found during routine exams.
Less common but sudden. The drainage angle closes quickly, causing a rapid pressure spike that needs immediate care.
Optic nerve damage occurs even when eye pressure is in the normal range, possibly because of poor blood flow to the nerve.
Develops after another condition or injury, such as trauma, inflammation, advanced cataracts, or diabetes.
A rare form in infants and young children, caused by drainage that didn't develop properly before birth.
Diagnosis combines several tests that measure eye pressure, check the optic nerve, and map your field of vision.
We review your symptoms, family history, and general health before the testing begins.
A quick air puff or gentle probe measures intraocular pressure, a key risk factor for glaucoma.
We examine the shape and color of the optic nerve for signs of damage.
You press a button when you see lights in your peripheral vision, which maps any blind spots.
A special lens checks the drainage angle, and OCT scans measure the thickness of the nerve layer over time.
Corneal thickness can affect pressure readings, so we measure it to make sure results are accurate.
The goal is to lower eye pressure and slow or stop further damage to the optic nerve. Treatment depends on the type and severity of your glaucoma.
Usually the first step. They lower pressure by reducing fluid production or improving drainage.
Options such as SLT, ALT, and laser iridotomy improve fluid drainage or reduce fluid production.
Trabeculectomy and drainage devices are options when medications and lasers aren't enough.
Minimally invasive surgeries aim to lower pressure with less risk and faster recovery.
Missing eye drop doses is one of the most common reasons pressure rises again. We’ll help you build a routine that works with your schedule.
Early detection and monitoring are the most effective protection against glaucoma progression.
If you haven't had an eye exam in the past year, schedule one now.
Moderate exercise can help lower eye pressure. Avoid heavy straining and inverted positions.
Fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids support overall eye health.
Protective eyewear during sports or work helps prevent injuries that can lead to secondary glaucoma.
Glaucoma often has no warning signs. A routine exam at Foley Vision Center can catch it early.
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